HELIOS-3D
01

Hero

A spintronic coprocessor
architecture using 3D hopfions.

HELIOS-3D is a staged research hypothesis for a low-energy inference coprocessor, with 2026 evidence for the underlying spin textures and a clear demonstrator path.

02

The thermodynamic crisis is the motivation

IEA projects AI infrastructure will consume ~600 TWh in 2026, with >4 billion m³ of water withdrawal by 2027. Embodied carbon is now 50% of AI hardware lifecycle footprint.

600 TWh

AI infrastructure electricity demand in 2026

DEMONSTRATED IEA 2024/2026 Projections
4 billion m³

Annual AI water withdrawal by 2027

DEMONSTRATED Ren et al. (2025)
03

Evidence structure

Highlights across the four research stages. Filter the full claims table below.

Claim Tag Source
Hopfion annihilation > 50kBT in EuS/Bi₂Se₃/EuS INFERRED Literature Review
Planar-first, electrical read is the minimum credible path INFERRED Alternative Materials
DISH enables sub-second 3D scaffolding with 19µm resolution PROPOSED Literature Review
Sub-Landauer computation is achievable SPECULATIVE Abstract
40-ps write at 1.7 pJ/µm² in Mn₃Sn DEMONSTRATED Literature Review
TOHE is unambiguous 3D-hopfion electrical hallmark INFERRED Literature Review
04

2026 evidence base

The literature that motivates and constrains the architecture.

Literature timeline 2024–2026

2024DISH holographic printing
2025EuS/Bi2Se3/EuS hopfion (Katmis)
2026DISH Nature 2026
2026Y-zipper flexible-rigid
2026Mn3Sn AFM switching (Tsai)
2026Polaritonic switch 4 fJ (Wang)
2026TOHE hopfion (Göbel & Lounis)
20262D peptide crystals (Wang)
05

Where to start

A 5-document reading path. Read in order; each step builds on the previous.

  1. 01
    Abstract

    Project pitch and dual-core architecture.

    Established
  2. 02
    Candidate Materials

    Spin textures and the EuS/Bi₂Se₃/EuS substrate.

    Established
  3. 03
    Literature Review

    The 2026 evidence base.

    Established
  4. 04
    Claims Matrix

    What is and is not demonstrated.

    Current
  5. 05
    Pitch Deck Outline

    The full project narrative.

    Speculative
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